![]() To find out how much speakers must be delayed, you can do this by measuring the distances from the speakers with tape measure, or you can use the data from your sensitivity measurements. This will massively improve the overall impulse response of the system and imaging quality in general. ![]() The goal is to even out the arrival time of all sound events from every speaker, even though the speakers are in different locations. The idea here is to find the speaker with the biggest physical distance to the listener and delay every other speaker accordingly to the same distance. Time delays must be applied to improve the overall impulse response, quality of the imaging and improve crossover efficiency. In the car cabin every speaker is a different distance from the listener(s). This example shows the result before applying time delay between the speakers:įor optimum performance, the integrity of the crossover must be checked again when timing is corrected. When both speakers are crossed, their cooperation is checked with both speakers active in the measurement. It is best practice to start with 24dB/oct Linkwitz-Riley (LR) crossovers. Shift the overlap band to a point where all speakers are in their comfort zone. The overlap band can be found through individual measurements of the speaker drivers with the same voltage (when they have the same impedance) and then compared in an overlay view. In the car it is helpful to have a look at the overlap band. The crossovers are set up in the Output section tab in the C-DSP tuning tool through "Xover". If your DSP has a limiter or compressor (you can turn a compressor into a limiter when the ratio is turned up to 20:1 or higher), you can add a second line of defense for the speaker through voltage limiting. Since the amp can drive up to 40 Watts, the output must be set to -6 dB FS to halve the output power. Note that every speaker is different!įor example, you have connected a midrange speaker that is capable of handling 20 Watts to the Harmony DSP 8x12. An RMS multimeter can be used when your system is turned up to max and all other signal processing (EQ, crossover etc.) is turned off. Measure the output voltage of the amplifier and calculate the power delivery to your speaker. Check for information about the frequency band in which your speakers can be used. Here is where the data sheet of your speakers come in handy. To be safe from the get-go and during the calibration phase (where overload mistakes can easily happen), speaker protection should be addressed as early as possible during the tuning. This happens either through mechanical or thermal stress. Speakers can break if used in the wrong frequency band and/or given too much power. Speaker protection through output level and crossover Limitation of output power Simple, but effective and there are few false negatives/positives from this testing method. Observe if the cone of the speaker goes in the right direction. Prior to connecting the speaker wiring to the amplifier, connect (+) of the battery to (+) of the speaker line and (-) to ground of the speaker and hear if it is triggering as expected. I personally like to use a simple 1.5V battery to check if everything is alright. Note that existing filters or problems in your playback chain (which may occur when you are using an OEM head unit to feed into your DSP) can cause problems with polarity (for more details, see ). To check for the right polarity, polarity testers can be used. ![]() This way you can rule out problems in your installation like acoustical short circuits or faulty wiring.Īlso check if the sensitivity of the speakers with each other (woofer vs midrange vs tweeter) matches and adapt accordingly. To do this, measurement sweeps must be used. The frequency responses and levels should be similar. Measure every speaker with the same output (e.g., 2.83V) and compare them in pairs that make sense i.e., door woofer left vs door woofer right tweeter left vs tweeter right, etc. To check the sensitivity, put a single microphone in the middle of the car. Bass management and mono bass optimization with MSOĪfter the installation of speakers, DSP, amps, cabling, your mics and analysis system, the first thing to do is check the sensitivity and polarity of the speakers.Timing and phase correction with delays.Speaker protection through output level and crossover.The top level app note and list of all parts is:Īutomotive Sound with miniDSP Products and REW This app note is part of a series on car audio sound.
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